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Ideal random quantum circuits pass the LXEB test

arXiv
Authors: Nicholas Hunter-Jones, Jonas Haferkamp

Year

2026

Paper ID

15615

Status

Preprint

Abstract Read

~2 min

Abstract Words

129

Citations

N/A

Abstract

We show that noiseless random quantum circuits pass the linear cross-entropy benchmark (LXEB) test with high probability. If the circuits are linear depth, and thus form unitary 4-designs, the LXEB test is passed with probability 1-O\(1/sqrt{k}\), where k is the number of independently drawn samples from the output distribution of the random circuit. If the circuits are of depth O\(n2\), and thus form unitary n-designs, the LXEB test is passed with probability 1-O\(e-k log(n\)/n). In proving our results, we show strong concentration of the random circuit collision probability at linear depth and establish that the tails of the distribution of random circuit output probabilities start to resemble Porter-Thomas at near-quadratic depths. Our analysis employs higher moments and high-degree approximate designs.

Why This Paper Matters

  • This paper contributes to the Quantum Simulation research area in the Quantum Articles archive.
  • It adds a 2026 reference point for readers tracking recent quantum research.
  • We show that noiseless random quantum circuits pass the linear cross-entropy benchmark (LXEB) test with high probability.

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