Atomic Manufacturing of Advanced Nanomaterials.

The quest for cutting-edge materials and devices has necessitated elevated demands for manufacturing methodologies. Atomic manufacturing involves the meticulous design and fabrication of materials and devices at the atomic level, a process that has been facilitated by advancements in comprehending and manipulating atomic behavior. The attainment of atomic manufacturing is dependent on the capacity to precisely manipulate atoms, directing their reactions at will. In this review, five methodologies of atomic fabrication encompassing atomic manipulation, atomic programming, atomic epitaxy, atomic confinement, and atomic assembly are elucidated. Based on this, the utilization of atomic manufacturing in the most advanced domains including energy conversion, energy storage, quantum information technology, and optoelectronic devices is elucidated. Finally, the current challenges and outlook on the forthcoming advancement of atomic manufacturing are presented.