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Quantum Thermodynamics

Dynamical quantum phase transitions

arXiv
Authors: Ralf Schützhold

Year

2010

Paper ID

8931

Status

Preprint

Abstract Read

~2 min

Abstract Words

110

Citations

N/A

Abstract

A sweep through a quantum phase transition by means of a time-dependent external parameter (e.g., pressure) entails non-equilibrium phenomena associated with a break-down of adiabaticity: At the critical point, the energy gap vanishes and the response time diverges (in the thermodynamic limit). Consequently, the external time-dependence inevitably drives the system out of equilibrium, i.e., away from the ground state, if we assume zero temperature initially. In this way, the initial quantum fluctuations can be drastically amplified and may become observable - especially for symmetry-breaking (restoring) transitions. By means of several examples, possible effects of these amplified quantum fluctuations are studied and universal features (such as freezing) are discussed.

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  • A sweep through a quantum phase transition by means of a time-dependent external parameter (e.g., pressure) entails non-equilibrium phenomena associated with a break-down of...

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References & Citation Signals

[1] DOI https://doi.org/arXiv:1004.2409 [2] arXiv https://arxiv.org/abs/1004.2409 [3] Publisher https://arxiv.org/abs/1004.2409

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