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Efficient learning of Clifford disentanglers and typical t-doped unitaries with exponentially more T gates

arXiv
Authors: Gerard Aguilar, Sofiene Jerbi, Jens Eisert, Lennart Bittel

Year

2026

Paper ID

81844

Status

Preprint

Abstract Read

~2 min

Abstract Words

200

Citations

N/A

Abstract

Highly entangled and highly non-stabilizer quantum states need not be hard to learn. We give efficient algorithms for testing and recovering hidden tensor-product structure in unknown pure state vectors of the form lvertψrangle = UC bigotimesi lvertψirangle, where UC is an arbitrary unknown Clifford unitary. Although the Clifford can thoroughly scramble the visible product structure, we prove that the Bell distribution retains a characteristic family of quadratic symmetries. By simultaneously block-diagonalising these symmetries, our algorithms linearize the problem and manage to recover both a disentangling Clifford and the hidden partitions with polynomial sample and computational complexity. This may be viewed as an extension of the abelian StateHSP paradigm in which classical post-processing exposes genuinely quadratic structure. Applied to Choi states, the method yields efficient proper learning algorithms for typical t-doped Clifford unitaries in regimes containing exponentially more T gates than previously accessible: the required condition fails only for an exponentially small fraction of circuits when tsim n, and continues to hold for a constant fraction even when t=2n. Our framework also provides tools for compressing structured many-body Hamiltonians and suggests benchmarking protocols for encoded logical product states in the early fault-tolerant regime.

Why This Paper Matters

  • This paper contributes to the Quantum Foundations research area in the Quantum Articles archive.
  • It adds a 2026 reference point for readers tracking recent quantum research.
  • Highly entangled and highly non-stabilizer quantum states need not be hard to learn.

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