Furfuryl Alcohol-Driven Proton Supply Enables Efficient Photocatalytic H(2)O(2) Production Beyond Water-Based Systems.

Photocatalytic HO production via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction is often limited by rapid charge recombination and insufficient proton supply in aqueous systems. Here, we construct a covalently linked ZnInS-carbon dots (ZIS-CDs) develop a coupled system that integrates HO generation with selective oxidation of furfuryl alcohol (FFA). The built-in electric field in the ZIS-CDs heterojunction enables efficient charge separation. FFA acts simultaneously as a sacrificial electron donor, oxidation substrate, and proton source in the ultra-dry acetonitrile (ACN)-FFA system. During its oxidation, FFA supplies protons for HO generation and is selectively converted into furoic acid (FA). This dual regulation of charge transfer and proton supply leads to an HO production rate of 24 mmol·g ·h , an apparent quantum yield of 14.57% at 400 nm, and a solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency of 1.78%, with 100% selectivity and 98% conversion to furoic acid. This work introduces a new strategy that couples organic transformation with proton management to enhance photocatalytic HO synthesis.