Chemical tuning of magnetic ordering and cryogenic magnetocaloric response in zircon-type Gd1-xErxVO4

Chemical substitution offers an effective route to tune magnetic ordering and magnetocaloric performance in rare-earth oxides for cryogenic refrigeration. Here we investigate the structural evo lution, magnetic properties, and magnetocaloric effect of polycrystalline zircon-type Gd1-xErxVO4 x=0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75. Powder X-ray diffraction confirms that all samples crystallize in the tetragonal zircon structure without detectable impurity phases. Substitution of Gd3+ by the smaller Er3+ ion produces a systematic lattice contraction and modifies the magnetic behavior of the rare-earth sublattice. In particular, the magnetic ordering temperature is suppressed from 3.65(2) K in GdVO4 to 2.76(2) K in Gd0.9Er0.1VO4 , accompanied by a weakening of the spin-flop-like field-induced anomaly observed in the parent compound. A low Er concentration correspondingly improves the low-temperature magnetocaloric performance, with Gd0.9Er0.1VO4 exhibiting a max imum magnetic entropy change of 45.1 J kg-1 K-1 for mu_0 Delta H=7T. These results demonstrate that weak Er substitution effectively tunes the competition among exchange interactions, dipolar coupling, and magnetic anisotropy, optimizing the balance between magnetic ordering and available spin entropy in zircon-type rare-earth vanadates, which is crucial for developing efficient cryogenic refrigeration materials.