Heralded Generation of Multipartite Free-Electron W-State Entanglement

We propose a heralded protocol for generating multipartite free-electron entanglement from atomic W_N resources in a sideband-resolved interaction regime. The scheme consists of N independent electron--atom interaction arms, where each free electron couples locally to one two-level system. For uniform couplings and common detuning, the dynamics is solved analytically within the rotating-wave approximation. Projecting the atoms onto the all-ground state maps the initial atomic excitation manifold onto the electronic upper-sideband manifold and prepares an exact N-electron W_N-type state. The heralding probability is obtained in closed form for resonant and detuned regimes. At resonance, the optimal success probability obeys the large-N scaling P_GN^maxsim e^-1/N. The heralded state retains the multipartite entanglement structure of the atomic resource, as shown for arbitrary N and illustrated explicitly for N=3. Detuning, weak symmetry breaking, beyond-rotating-wave corrections, and Gaussian coupling envelopes are discussed. The protocol provides a scalable route toward multipartite free-electron entanglement generation from localized atomic resources within quantum electron optics.