Electron-positron pair creation in a supercritical static asymmetric potential well

The electron-positron pair creation in a supercritical static asymmetric potential well, which is composed of a subcritical and a supercritical potential separated by a fixed distance, is investigated using computational quantum field theory. To explain the discrete peaks in the positron energy spectrum, an analytical formula for determining the positions of bound states in a subcritical asymmetric potential well is derived and extended to the supercritical asymmetric potential well in two ways. One of the two methods can not only predict the positions of bound states, but also offer the pair creation rate. This study also reveals that the subcritical potential height can optimize the energy spread of created electrons, providing a new way to produce high-energy electron beams with concentrated energy in experiments. Moreover, it is found that the pair creation rate in a supercritical asymmetric potential well, composed of a subcritical symmetric potential well and a supercritical Sauter potential, exceeds the sum of the pair creation rates produced by each potential individually. This finding suggests a potential method for enhancing pair yield.