Quantum Computing Systems Implementation and Operations: Technical, Ethical, and National Security Perspectives

Quantum computing represents a paradigm shift in computational science, offering unprecedented capabilities to solve problems beyond the reach of classical systems. Yet, its implementation and operation involve profound challenges, spanning technical, infrastructural, ethical, and national security dimensions. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of quantum computing systems, examining physical platforms, error correction, qubit connectivity, algorithm design, and industry applications. A case study on national security highlights the urgency of preparing for “Q-Day”—the moment when quantum computers can break classical encryption. Ethical analysis explores privacy, equity, governance, and responsibility, emphasising the need for global frameworks to ensure responsible deployment. By synthesising interdisciplinary perspectives, the study proposes a holistic framework for harnessing quantum computing responsibly, equitably, and securely. Keywords: Quantum computing; National security; Ethical frameworks; Implementation; Systems Operations; Error correction; Infrastructure; Governance Journal Reference Format: Ademola, O.E. (2025): Quantum Computing Systems Implementation and Operations: Technical, Ethical, and National Security Perspectives. Journal of Behavioural Informatics, Digital Humanities and Development Res. Vol. 11 No. 4. Pp 37-52. https://www.isteams.net/behavioralinformaticsjournal . dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/BHI/V11N4P3x