INDUSTRY 4.0 TECHNOLOGIES AND SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE: GREEN LOGISTICS MEDIATION AND GOVERNMENT SUPPORT MODERATION EFFECTS

This conceptual paper investigates the relationship between Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies, Green Logistics Practices (GLP), and sustainability performance, with government support as a moderating factor. In response to escalating sustainability challenges and the accelerated pace of digital transformation, the study addresses a key gap in understanding how the adoption of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) translates into sustainability outcomes. While prior work has considered the benefits of digitalization, the mediating role of GLP and the influence of institutional support have received limited scholarly attention. Drawing on a comprehensive review of recent literature (2020–2024), the paper proposes a conceptual framework grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Institutional Theory. RBV conceptualizes I4.0 as strategic resources and GLP as organizational capabilities, whereas Institutional Theory highlights how government policies shape adoption. The study advances theory by integrating internal and external perspectives to clarify the technology–sustainability nexus, and offers practical insights for firms aligning digital transformation with sustainability goals and for policymakers promoting green logistics.