Error-Detected Quantum Operations with Neutral Atoms Mediated by an Optical Cavity

Neutral atom quantum processors are a promising platform for large-scale quantum computing. Integrating them with an optical cavity enables fast nondestructive qubit readout and access to fast remote entanglement generation for quantum networking. Here, we introduce a platform for coupling single atoms in optical tweezers to a Fabry-Perot Fiber Cavity. Leveraging the strong atom-cavity coupling, we demonstrate fast qubit state readout with 99.960⁺¹⁴_-24\% fidelity and two methods for cavity-mediated entanglement generation with integrated error detection. First, we use cavity-carving to generate a Bell state with 91(4)\% fidelity and a 32(1)\% success rate. Second, we perform a cavity-mediated gate with a deterministic entanglement fidelity of 52.5(18)\%, increased to 76(2)\% with error detection. The new capabilities enabled by this platform pave the way towards modular quantum computing and networking.