Fast Cooling of Trapped Ion in Strong Sideband Coupling Regime

Trapped ion in the Lamb-Dicke regime with the Lamb-Dicke parameter ηll1 can be cooled down to its motional ground state using sideband cooling. Standard sideband cooling works in the weak sideband coupling limit, where the sideband coupling strength is small compared to the natural linewidth γ of the internal excited state, with a cooling rate much less than γ. Here we consider cooling schemes in the strong sideband coupling regime, where the sideband coupling strength is comparable or even greater than γ. We derive analytic expressions for the cooling rate and the average occupation of the motional steady state in this regime, based on which we show that one can reach a cooling rate which is proportional to γ, while at the same time the steady state occupation increases by a correction term proportional to η² compared to the weak sideband coupling limit. We demonstrate with numerical simulations that our analytic expressions faithfully recover the exact dynamics in the strong sideband coupling regime.