Atomic magnetometry based on the ground-state Hanle effect in an elliptically polarized light wave

We investigate the ground-state Hanle effect in alkali-metal vapor irradiating by a resonant elliptically polarized light wave. The magneto-optical resonances are observed as a change in the ellipticity parameter of the light wave polarization when scanning the transverse magnetic field near zero. We use a miniature $approx $$0.125$ cm$³$ glass cesium vapor cell heated to a relatively low temperature of approx 85^circC. Under the current experimental conditions, the sensitivity of magnetic field measurements is limited by a technical noise, reaching 180 fT/surdHz in a 200 Hz bandwidth. The ultimate photon-shot-noise-limited sensitivity of the method is estimated to be approx 5 fT/surdHz. The proposed scheme is promising for the development of a zero-field atomic magnetometer with reduced heat dissipation of the sensor head and relaxed requirements for magnetic shielding compared to counterparts operating in the spin-exchange relaxation-free regime. These features are of particular value for biomedical applications.