An Improved Dung Beetle Optimization Algorithm Based on Quantum Behavior

Dung beetle optimization is easy to use, but the basic version often stops early and fails to reach good points. This study presents Q-DBO, which adds a quantum-style move and a simple rule that changes the step size during the run. The quantum move gives wider jumps at the start, and the step rule gives smaller moves later. Q-DBO was tested on 22 functions from the CEC2023 set with 30 runs for each test. It reached the best mean value on 18 functions and needed about 26% less time to reach the target than the basic DBO. These results show that the new moves help the search leave poor areas and get closer to better points. Q-DBO can be used in tasks that need faster search or have complex surfaces. Future work will test more dimensions, other goals, and practical engineering cases.