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Paper 1
Mind the gaps: The fraught road to quantum advantage
Jens Eisert, John Preskill
- Year
- 2025
- Journal
- arXiv preprint
- DOI
- arXiv:2510.19928
- arXiv
- 2510.19928
Quantum computing is advancing rapidly, yet substantial gaps separate today's noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices from tomorrow's fault-tolerant application-scale quantum (FASQ) machines. We identify four related hurdles along the road ahead: (i) from error mitigation to active error detection and correction, (ii) from rudimentary error correction to scalable fault tolerance, (iii) from early heuristics to mature, verifiable algorithms, and (iv) from exploratory simulators to credible advantage in quantum simulation. Targeting these transitions will accelerate progress toward broadly useful quantum computing.
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To break, or not to break: Symmetries in adaptive quantum simulations, a case study on the Schwinger model
Karunya Shailesh Shirali, Kyle Sherbert, Yanzhu Chen, Adrien Florio, Andreas Weichselbaum, Robert D. Pisarski, Sophia E. Economou
- Year
- 2025
- Journal
- arXiv preprint
- DOI
- arXiv:2510.03083
- arXiv
- 2510.03083
We investigate the role of symmetries in constructing resource-efficient operator pools for adaptive variational quantum eigensolvers. In particular, we focus on the lattice Schwinger model, a discretized model of $1+1$ dimensional electrodynamics, which we use as a proxy for spin chains with a continuum limit. We present an extensive set of simulations comprising a total of $11$ different operator pools, which all systematically and independently break or preserve a combination of discrete translations, the conservation of charge (magnetization) and the fermionic locality of the excitations. Circuit depths are the primary bottleneck in current quantum hardware, and we find that the most efficient ansätze in the near-term are obtained by pools that $\textit{break}$ translation invariance, conserve charge, and lead to shallow circuits. On the other hand, we anticipate the shot counts to be the limiting factor in future, error-corrected quantum devices; our findings suggest that pools $\textit{preserving}$ translation invariance could be preferable for such platforms.
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