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Paper 1

Qudit surface codes and hypermap codes

Zihan Lei

Year
2021
Journal
arXiv preprint
DOI
arXiv:2112.01752
arXiv
2112.01752

In this article, we define homological quantum codes in arbitrary qudit dimensions $D\geq 2$ by directly defining CSS operators on a 2-Complex $Σ$. If the 2-Complex is constructed from a surface, we obtain a qudit surface code. We then prove that the dimension of the code we define always equals the size of the first homology group of $Σ$. We also define the distance of the codes in this setting, finding that they share similar properties with their qubit counterpart. Additionally, we generalize the hypermap-homology quantum code proposed by Martin Leslie to the qudit case. For every such hypermap code, we construct an abstract 2-Complex whose homological quantum code is equivalent to the hypermap code.

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Paper 2

Fidelity-Guaranteed Entanglement Routing with Distributed Purification Planning

Anthony Gatti, Anoosha Fayyaz, Prashant Krishnamurthy, Kaushik P. Seshadreesan, Amy Babay

Year
2026
Journal
arXiv preprint
DOI
arXiv:2605.00246
arXiv
2605.00246

Many quantum-network applications require end-to-end Bell pairs whose fidelity exceeds a request-specific threshold, but existing entanglement routing algorithms either optimize only throughput without regard for fidelity or enforce fidelity guarantees using centralized controllers with global link-state knowledge. We present Q-GUARD, an online entanglement routing algorithm that enforces per-request fidelity thresholds within a distributed protocol model in which nodes exchange link-state information only with their $k$-hop neighbors. After link outcomes are realized in each slot, Q-GUARD builds per-link purification cost tables from realized Bell pairs, allocates per-hop fidelity targets using a Werner-state equal-split rule, and selects between candidate path segments using a segment-local expected-goodput (EXG) metric that jointly accounts for swap success, purification overhead, and resource availability. We also introduce Q-GUARD-WS, an extension that exploits per-link hardware quality estimates to allocate purification effort non-uniformly across hops. On synthetic 100-node topologies with heterogeneous link fidelity and stochastic BBPSSW purification, Q-GUARD raises the qualified success rate from under 20\% to over 85\% on 4-hop paths and nearly doubles the qualified service radius in Euclidean distance relative to throughput-only and naive-purification baselines, while Q-GUARD-WS provides additional throughput gains under high hardware heterogeneity.

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