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Paper 1

Demonstrating real-time and low-latency quantum error correction with superconducting qubits

Laura Caune, Luka Skoric, Nick S. Blunt, Archibald Ruban, Jimmy McDaniel, Joseph A. Valery, Andrew D. Patterson, Alexander V. Gramolin, Joonas Majaniemi, Kenton M. Barnes, Tomasz Bialas, Okan Buğdaycı, Ophelia Crawford, György P. Gehér, Hari Krovi, Elisha Matekole, Canberk Topal, Stefano Poletto, Michael Bryant, Kalan Snyder, Neil I. Gillespie, Glenn Jones, Kauser Johar, Earl T. Campbell, Alexander D. Hill

Year

2024

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2410.05202

arXiv

2410.05202

Quantum error correction (QEC) will be essential to achieve the accuracy needed for quantum computers to realise their full potential. The field has seen promising progress with demonstrations of early QEC and real-time decoded experiments. As quantum computers advance towards demonstrating a universal fault-tolerant logical gate set, implementing scalable and low-latency real-time decoding will be crucial to prevent the backlog problem, avoiding an exponential slowdown and maintaining a fast logical clock rate. Here, we demonstrate low-latency feedback with a scalable FPGA decoder integrated into the control system of a superconducting quantum processor. We perform an 8-qubit stability experiment with up to $25$ decoding rounds and a mean decoding time per round below $1$ $μs$, showing that we avoid the backlog problem even on superconducting hardware with the strictest speed requirements. We observe logical error suppression as the number of decoding rounds is increased. We also implement and time a fast-feedback experiment demonstrating a decoding response time of $9.6$ $μs$ for a total of $9$ measurement rounds. The decoder throughput and latency developed in this work, combined with continued device improvements, unlock the next generation of experiments that go beyond purely keeping logical qubits alive and into demonstrating building blocks of fault-tolerant computation, such as lattice surgery and magic state teleportation.

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Paper 2

Fast, Accurate, and Local Temperature Control Using Qubits

Riya Baruah, Pedro Portugal, Joachim Wabnig, Christian Flindt

Year

2024

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2410.04796

arXiv

2410.04796

Many quantum technologies, including quantum computers, quantum heat engines, and quantum sensors, rely on operating conditions in the subkelvin regime. It is therefore desirable to develop practical tools and methods for the precise control of the temperature in nanoscale quantum systems. Here, we present a proposal for fast, accurate, and local temperature control using qubits, which regulate the flow of heat between a quantum system and its thermal environment. The qubits are kept in a thermal state with a temperature that is controlled in an interplay between work done on the qubits by changing their energy splittings and the flow of heat between the qubits and the environment. Using only a few qubits, it is possible to control the thermal environment of another quantum system, which can be heated or cooled by the qubits. As an example, we show how a quantum system at subkelvin temperatures can be significantly and accurately cooled on a nanosecond timescale. Our proposal can potentially be realized with superconducting flux qubits, charge qubits, or spin qubits, which can now be fabricated and manipulated with exquisite control.

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