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Paper 1

Demonstrating real-time and low-latency quantum error correction with superconducting qubits

Laura Caune, Luka Skoric, Nick S. Blunt, Archibald Ruban, Jimmy McDaniel, Joseph A. Valery, Andrew D. Patterson, Alexander V. Gramolin, Joonas Majaniemi, Kenton M. Barnes, Tomasz Bialas, Okan Buğdaycı, Ophelia Crawford, György P. Gehér, Hari Krovi, Elisha Matekole, Canberk Topal, Stefano Poletto, Michael Bryant, Kalan Snyder, Neil I. Gillespie, Glenn Jones, Kauser Johar, Earl T. Campbell, Alexander D. Hill

Year

2024

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2410.05202

arXiv

2410.05202

Quantum error correction (QEC) will be essential to achieve the accuracy needed for quantum computers to realise their full potential. The field has seen promising progress with demonstrations of early QEC and real-time decoded experiments. As quantum computers advance towards demonstrating a universal fault-tolerant logical gate set, implementing scalable and low-latency real-time decoding will be crucial to prevent the backlog problem, avoiding an exponential slowdown and maintaining a fast logical clock rate. Here, we demonstrate low-latency feedback with a scalable FPGA decoder integrated into the control system of a superconducting quantum processor. We perform an 8-qubit stability experiment with up to $25$ decoding rounds and a mean decoding time per round below $1$ $μs$, showing that we avoid the backlog problem even on superconducting hardware with the strictest speed requirements. We observe logical error suppression as the number of decoding rounds is increased. We also implement and time a fast-feedback experiment demonstrating a decoding response time of $9.6$ $μs$ for a total of $9$ measurement rounds. The decoder throughput and latency developed in this work, combined with continued device improvements, unlock the next generation of experiments that go beyond purely keeping logical qubits alive and into demonstrating building blocks of fault-tolerant computation, such as lattice surgery and magic state teleportation.

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Paper 2

STIRAP-Inspired Robust Gates for a Superconducting Dual-Rail Qubit

Ujjawal Singhal, Harsh Vardhan Upadhyay, Irshad Ahmad, Vibhor Singh

Year

2024

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2410.04828

arXiv

2410.04828

STImulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) is a powerful technique for robust state transfer capabilities in quantum systems. This method, however encounters challenges for its implementation as a gate in qubit-subspace due to its sensitivity to initial states. By incorporating single-photon detuning into the protocol, the sensitivity to the initial state can effectively be mitigated, enabling STIRAP to operate as a gate. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate the implementation of robust $π$ and $π$/2 rotations in a dual-rail qubit formed by two strongly coupled fixed-frequency transmon qubits. We achieve state preparation fidelity in excess of 0.98 using such rotations. Our analysis reveals these gates exhibit significant resilience to errors. Furthermore, our numerical calculations confirm that these gates can achieve fidelity levels in excess of 0.999. This work suggest a way for realizing quantum gates which are robust against minor drifts in pulse or system parameters.

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