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Paper 1

Non-Interactive Oblivious Transfer and One-Time Programs from Noisy Quantum Storage

Ricardo Faleiro, Manuel Goulão, Leonardo Novo, Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro

Year

2024

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2410.08367

arXiv

2410.08367

Few primitives are as intertwined with the foundations of cryptography as Oblivious Transfer (OT). Not surprisingly, with the advent of quantum information processing, a major research path has emerged, aiming to minimize the requirements necessary to achieve OT by leveraging quantum resources, while also exploring the implications for secure computation. Indeed, OT has been the target of renewed focus regarding its newfound quantum possibilities (and impossibilities), both towards its computation and communication complexity. For instance, non-interactive OT, known to be impossible classically, has been strongly pursued. In its most extreme form, non-interactive chosen-input OT (one-shot OT) is equivalent to a One-Time Memory (OTM). OTMs have been proposed as tamper-proof hardware solutions for constructing One-Time Programs -- single-use programs that execute on an arbitrary input without revealing anything about their internal workings. In this work, we leverage quantum resources in the Noisy-Quantum-Storage Model to achieve: 1. Unconditionally-secure two-message non-interactive OT -- the smallest number of messages known to date for unconditionally-secure chosen-input OT. 2. Computationally-secure one-shot OT/OTM, with everlasting security, assuming only one-way functions and sequential functions -- without requiring trusted hardware, QROM, or pre-shared entanglement. 3. One-Time Programs without the need for hardware-based solutions or QROM, by compiling our OTM construction with the [GKR08, GIS+10] compiler.

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Paper 2

Operational meaning of the classical fidelity and the path length in Fisher-Kubo-Mori-Bogoliubov geometry

Lajos Diósi

Year

2024

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2410.04307

arXiv

2410.04307

We show that the minimum entropy production in near-reversible quantum state transport along a path is simple function of the path length measured according to the Fisher-KMB metrics. Hence the sharp values of path lengths, also called statistical lengths, obtain operational meaning to quantify the residual irreversibility in near-reversible state transport. In the classical limit, the Bhattacharyya fidelity obtains a sharp operational meaning after eighty years.

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