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Paper 1
Hardness of decoding quantum stabilizer codes
Pavithran Iyer, David Poulin
- Year
- 2013
- Journal
- arXiv preprint
- DOI
- arXiv:1310.3235
- arXiv
- 1310.3235
In this article we address the computational hardness of optimally decoding a quantum stabilizer code. Much like classical linear codes, errors are detected by measuring certain check operators which yield an error syndrome, and the decoding problem consists of determining the most likely recovery given the syndrome. The corresponding classical problem is known to be NP-complete, and a similar decoding problem for quantum codes is also known to be NP-complete. However, this decoding strategy is not optimal in the quantum setting as it does not take into account error degeneracy, which causes distinct errors to have the same effect on the code. Here, we show that optimal decoding of stabilizer codes is computationally much harder than optimal decoding of classical linear codes, it is #P.
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ADaPT: Adaptive-window Decoding for Practical fault-Tolerance
Tina Oberoi, Joshua Viszlai, Frederic T. Chong
- Year
- 2026
- Journal
- arXiv preprint
- DOI
- arXiv:2605.01149
- arXiv
- 2605.01149
Window decoding, first proposed to reduce decoding complexity for real-time decoding, is an essential component to realize scalable, universal-fault tolerant computation. Prior work has focused on improving throughput through parallelization and reducing reaction time via speculation on window boundaries. However, these methods use a fixed window size d, paying a fixed decoding time overhead for each window. In practice, we find this overhead of a fixed window size unnecessary in many cases due to the sparsity of average-case errors in QEC. Leveraging this insight, in this paper we propose an adaptive window decoding technique based on decoder confidence. This technique reduces the overhead in decoding time thus reducing reaction time without compromising on logical error rates. We benchmark adaptive window decoding across different codes and hardware inspired noise models. Our results show that this adaptive technique reaches the target error rate while maintaining a low decoding time overhead across different codes, and under different noise models.
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