Compare Papers

Paper 1

Union-Find Decoders For Homological Product Codes

Nicolas Delfosse, Matthew B. Hastings

Year

2020

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2009.14226

arXiv

2009.14226

Homological product codes are a class of codes that can have improved distance while retaining relatively low stabilizer weight. We show how to build union-find decoders for these codes, using a union-find decoder for one of the codes in the product and a brute force decoder for the other code. We apply this construction to the specific case of the product of a surface code with a small code such as a $[[4,2,2]]$ code, which we call an augmented surface code. The distance of the augmented surface code is the product of the distance of the surface code with that of the small code, and the union-find decoder, with slight modifications, can decode errors up to half the distance. We present numerical simulations, showing that while the threshold of these augmented codes is lower than that of the surface code, the low noise performance is improved.

Open paper

Paper 2

Cryogenic Graphene-Based Phase Modulators for Quantum Information Processing

Leonard Barboza Navarro, Maria Carolina Volpato, Alisson Ronieri Cadore, Pierre-Louis de Assis

Year

2026

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2605.00112

arXiv

2605.00112

Electro-optic modulators are key components for photonic quantum computing, particularly in fully cryovenic integrated platforms where low loss and compactness are critical. We present a systematic theoretical investigation of compact dual-layer graphene (DSLG) electro-optic phase modulators integrated on silicon nitride waveguides, with emphasis on cryogenic operation. By combining electromagnetic simulations with a physically consistent description of graphene conductivity based on the Kybo formalism, we analyze the interplay between electrostatic tuning, optical mode confinement, and material-dependent losses. We show that cryogenic operation enhances device performance by sharpening the Fermi-Dirac distribution, enabling access to the Pauli-blocking regime at lower Fermi levels and reducing the required modulation length. Through optimization of the waveguide geometry, dielectric spacer thickness and permittivity, and graphene quality, we identify regimes that simultaneously minimize insertion loss and device footprint under realistic voltage constraints. The optimized designs achieve near-pure phase modulation with insertion losses below 0.3 dB and modulation lengths below 50 um at 10 K, while maintaining GHz-scale bandwidths. These results provide quantitative design guidelines for low-loss, compact, cryogenic graphene phase modulators for scalable integrated quantum photonics.

Open paper