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Paper 1

A Compilation Framework for Quantum Circuits with Mid-Circuit Measurement Error Awareness

Ming Zhong, Zhemin Zhang, Xiangyu Ren, Chenghong Zhu, Siyuan Niu, Zhiding Liang

Year

2025

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2511.10921

arXiv

2511.10921

Mid-circuit measurement (MCM) provides the capability for qubit reuse and dynamic control in quantum processors, enabling more resource-efficient algorithms and supporting error-correction procedures. However, MCM introduces several sources of error, including measurement-induced crosstalk, idling-qubit decoherence, and reset infidelity, and these errors exhibit pronounced qubit-dependent variability within a single device. Since existing compilers such as the Qiskit-compiler and QR-Map (the state-of-art qubit reuse compiler) do not account for this variability, circuits with frequent MCM operations often experience substantial fidelity loss. In thie paper, we propose MERA, a compilation framework that performs MCM-error-aware layout, routing, and scheduling. MERA leverages lightweight profiling to obtain a stable per-qubit MCM error distribution, which it uses to guide error-aware qubit mapping and SWAP insertions. To further mitigate MCM-related decoherence and crosstalk, MERA augments as-late-as-possible scheduling with context-aware dynamic decoupling. Evaluated on 27 benchmark circuits, MERA achieves 24.94% -- 52.00% fidelity improvement over the Qiskit compiler (optimization level 3) without introducing additional overhead. On QR-Map-generated circuits, it improves fidelity by 29.26% on average and up to 122.58% in the best case, demonstrating its effectiveness for dynamic circuits dominated by MCM operations.

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Paper 2

Estimating and decoding coherent errors of QEC experiments with detector error models

Evangelia Takou, Kenneth R. Brown

Year

2025

Journal

arXiv preprint

DOI

arXiv:2510.23797

arXiv

2510.23797

Decoders of quantum error correction (QEC) experiments make decisions based on detected errors and the expected rates of error events, which together comprise a detector error model. Here we show that the syndrome history of QEC experiments is sufficient to detect and estimate coherent errors, removing the need for prior device benchmarking experiments. Importantly, our method shows that experimentally determined detector error models work equally well for both stochastic and coherent noise regimes. We model fully-coherent or fully-stochastic noise for repetition and surface codes and for various phenomenological and circuit-level noise scenarios, by employing Majorana and Monte Carlo simulators. We capture the interference of coherent errors, which appears as enhanced or suppressed physical error rates compared to the stochastic case, and also observe hyperedges that do not appear in the corresponding Pauli-twirled models. Finally, we decode the detector error models undergoing coherent noise and find different thresholds compared to detector error models built based on the stochastic noise assumption.

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